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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">importlib.metadata</span></code> – Accessing package metadata</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#overview">Overview</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#functional-api">Functional API</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#entry-points">Entry points</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#distribution-metadata">Distribution metadata</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#distribution-versions">Distribution versions</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#distribution-files">Distribution files</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#distribution-requirements">Distribution requirements</a></li>
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<section id="module-importlib.metadata">
<span id="importlib-metadata-accessing-package-metadata"></span><span id="using"></span><h1><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">importlib.metadata</span></code> – Accessing package metadata<a class="headerlink" href="#module-importlib.metadata" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h1>
<div class="versionadded">
<p><span class="versionmodified added">Added in version 3.8.</span></p>
</div>
<div class="versionchanged">
<p><span class="versionmodified changed">Changed in version 3.10: </span><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">importlib.metadata</span></code> is no longer provisional.</p>
</div>
<p><strong>Source code:</strong> <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/tree/3.12/Lib/importlib/metadata/__init__.py">Lib/importlib/metadata/__init__.py</a></p>
<p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">importlib.metadata</span></code> is a library that provides access to
the metadata of an installed <a class="reference external" href="https://packaging.python.org/en/latest/glossary/#term-Distribution-Package">Distribution Package</a>,
such as its entry points
or its top-level names (<a class="reference external" href="https://packaging.python.org/en/latest/glossary/#term-Import-Package">Import Package</a>s, modules, if any).
Built in part on Python’s import system, this library
intends to replace similar functionality in the <a class="reference external" href="https://setuptools.readthedocs.io/en/latest/pkg_resources.html#entry-points">entry point
API</a> and <a class="reference external" href="https://setuptools.readthedocs.io/en/latest/pkg_resources.html#metadata-api">metadata API</a> of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pkg_resources</span></code>. Along with
<a class="reference internal" href="importlib.resources.html#module-importlib.resources" title="importlib.resources: Package resource reading, opening, and access"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">importlib.resources</span></code></a>,
this package can eliminate the need to use the older and less efficient
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pkg_resources</span></code> package.</p>
<p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">importlib.metadata</span></code> operates on third-party <em>distribution packages</em>
installed into Python’s <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">site-packages</span></code> directory via tools such as
<a class="reference external" href="https://pypi.org/project/pip/">pip</a>.
Specifically, it works with distributions with discoverable
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">dist-info</span></code> or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">egg-info</span></code> directories,
and metadata defined by the <a class="reference external" href="https://packaging.python.org/en/latest/specifications/core-metadata/#core-metadata">Core metadata specifications</a>.</p>
<div class="admonition important">
<p class="admonition-title">Important</p>
<p>These are <em>not</em> necessarily equivalent to or correspond 1:1 with
the top-level <em>import package</em> names
that can be imported inside Python code.
One <em>distribution package</em> can contain multiple <em>import packages</em>
(and single modules),
and one top-level <em>import package</em>
may map to multiple <em>distribution packages</em>
if it is a namespace package.
You can use <a class="reference internal" href="#package-distributions"><span class="std std-ref">package_distributions()</span></a>
to get a mapping between them.</p>
</div>
<p>By default, distribution metadata can live on the file system
or in zip archives on
<a class="reference internal" href="sys.html#sys.path" title="sys.path"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.path</span></code></a>. Through an extension mechanism, the metadata can live almost
anywhere.</p>
<div class="admonition seealso">
<p class="admonition-title">See also</p>
<dl class="simple">
<dt><a class="reference external" href="https://importlib-metadata.readthedocs.io/">https://importlib-metadata.readthedocs.io/</a></dt><dd><p>The documentation for <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">importlib_metadata</span></code>, which supplies a
backport of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">importlib.metadata</span></code>.
This includes an <a class="reference external" href="https://importlib-metadata.readthedocs.io/en/latest/api.html">API reference</a>
for this module’s classes and functions,
as well as a <a class="reference external" href="https://importlib-metadata.readthedocs.io/en/latest/migration.html">migration guide</a>
for existing users of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pkg_resources</span></code>.</p>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
<section id="overview">
<h2>Overview<a class="headerlink" href="#overview" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2>
<p>Let’s say you wanted to get the version string for a
<a class="reference external" href="https://packaging.python.org/en/latest/glossary/#term-Distribution-Package">Distribution Package</a> you’ve installed
using <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pip</span></code>. We start by creating a virtual environment and installing
something into it:</p>
<div class="highlight-shell-session notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">$ </span>python<span class="w"> </span>-m<span class="w"> </span>venv<span class="w"> </span>example
<span class="gp">$ </span><span class="nb">source</span><span class="w"> </span>example/bin/activate
<span class="gp gp-VirtualEnv">(example)</span> <span class="gp">$ </span>python<span class="w"> </span>-m<span class="w"> </span>pip<span class="w"> </span>install<span class="w"> </span>wheel
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>You can get the version string for <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">wheel</span></code> by running the following:</p>
<div class="highlight-pycon notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="go">(example) $ python</span>
<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">importlib.metadata</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">version</span>
<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">version</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'wheel'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="go">'0.32.3'</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>You can also get a collection of entry points selectable by properties of the EntryPoint (typically ‘group’ or ‘name’), such as
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">console_scripts</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">distutils.commands</span></code> and others. Each group contains a
collection of <a class="reference internal" href="#entry-points"><span class="std std-ref">EntryPoint</span></a> objects.</p>
<p>You can get the <a class="reference internal" href="#metadata"><span class="std std-ref">metadata for a distribution</span></a>:</p>
<div class="highlight-python3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">metadata</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'wheel'</span><span class="p">))</span>
<span class="go">['Metadata-Version', 'Name', 'Version', 'Summary', 'Home-page', 'Author', 'Author-email', 'Maintainer', 'Maintainer-email', 'License', 'Project-URL', 'Project-URL', 'Project-URL', 'Keywords', 'Platform', 'Classifier', 'Classifier', 'Classifier', 'Classifier', 'Classifier', 'Classifier', 'Classifier', 'Classifier', 'Classifier', 'Classifier', 'Classifier', 'Classifier', 'Requires-Python', 'Provides-Extra', 'Requires-Dist', 'Requires-Dist']</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>You can also get a <a class="reference internal" href="#version"><span class="std std-ref">distribution’s version number</span></a>, list its
<a class="reference internal" href="#files"><span class="std std-ref">constituent files</span></a>, and get a list of the distribution’s
<a class="reference internal" href="#requirements"><span class="std std-ref">Distribution requirements</span></a>.</p>
</section>
<section id="functional-api">
<h2>Functional API<a class="headerlink" href="#functional-api" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2>
<p>This package provides the following functionality via its public API.</p>
<section id="entry-points">
<span id="id2"></span><h3>Entry points<a class="headerlink" href="#entry-points" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
<p>The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">entry_points()</span></code> function returns a collection of entry points.
Entry points are represented by <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">EntryPoint</span></code> instances;
each <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">EntryPoint</span></code> has a <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">.name</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">.group</span></code>, and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">.value</span></code> attributes and
a <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">.load()</span></code> method to resolve the value. There are also <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">.module</span></code>,
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">.attr</span></code>, and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">.extras</span></code> attributes for getting the components of the
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">.value</span></code> attribute.</p>
<p>Query all entry points:</p>
<div class="highlight-python3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">eps</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">entry_points</span><span class="p">()</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">entry_points()</span></code> function returns an <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">EntryPoints</span></code> object,
a collection of all <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">EntryPoint</span></code> objects with <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">names</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">groups</span></code>
attributes for convenience:</p>
<div class="highlight-python3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="nb">sorted</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">eps</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">groups</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="go">['console_scripts', 'distutils.commands', 'distutils.setup_keywords', 'egg_info.writers', 'setuptools.installation']</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">EntryPoints</span></code> has a <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">select</span></code> method to select entry points
matching specific properties. Select entry points in the
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">console_scripts</span></code> group:</p>
<div class="highlight-python3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">scripts</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">eps</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">select</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">group</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'console_scripts'</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Equivalently, since <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">entry_points</span></code> passes keyword arguments
through to select:</p>
<div class="highlight-python3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">scripts</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">entry_points</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">group</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'console_scripts'</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Pick out a specific script named “wheel” (found in the wheel project):</p>
<div class="highlight-python3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="s1">'wheel'</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">scripts</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">names</span>
<span class="go">True</span>
<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">wheel</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">scripts</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'wheel'</span><span class="p">]</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Equivalently, query for that entry point during selection:</p>
<div class="highlight-python3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wheel</span><span class="p">,)</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">entry_points</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">group</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'console_scripts'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">name</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'wheel'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wheel</span><span class="p">,)</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">entry_points</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">select</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">group</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'console_scripts'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">name</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'wheel'</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Inspect the resolved entry point:</p>
<div class="highlight-python3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">wheel</span>
<span class="go">EntryPoint(name='wheel', value='wheel.cli:main', group='console_scripts')</span>
<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">wheel</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">module</span>
<span class="go">'wheel.cli'</span>
<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">wheel</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">attr</span>
<span class="go">'main'</span>
<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">wheel</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">extras</span>
<span class="go">[]</span>
<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">main</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">wheel</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">load</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">main</span>
<span class="go"><function main at 0x103528488></span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">group</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">name</span></code> are arbitrary values defined by the package author
and usually a client will wish to resolve all entry points for a particular
group. Read <a class="reference external" href="https://setuptools.pypa.io/en/latest/userguide/entry_point.html">the setuptools docs</a>
for more information on entry points, their definition, and usage.</p>
<p><em>Compatibility Note</em></p>
<p>The “selectable” entry points were introduced in <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">importlib_metadata</span></code>
3.6 and Python 3.10. Prior to those changes, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">entry_points</span></code> accepted
no parameters and always returned a dictionary of entry points, keyed
by group. With <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">importlib_metadata</span></code> 5.0 and Python 3.12,
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">entry_points</span></code> always returns an <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">EntryPoints</span></code> object. See
<a class="reference external" href="https://pypi.org/project/backports.entry_points_selectable/">backports.entry_points_selectable</a>
for compatibility options.</p>
</section>
<section id="distribution-metadata">
<span id="metadata"></span><h3>Distribution metadata<a class="headerlink" href="#distribution-metadata" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
<p>Every <a class="reference external" href="https://packaging.python.org/en/latest/glossary/#term-Distribution-Package">Distribution Package</a> includes some metadata,
which you can extract using the
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">metadata()</span></code> function:</p>
<div class="highlight-python3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">wheel_metadata</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">metadata</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'wheel'</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>The keys of the returned data structure, a <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PackageMetadata</span></code>,
name the metadata keywords, and
the values are returned unparsed from the distribution metadata:</p>
<div class="highlight-python3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">wheel_metadata</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'Requires-Python'</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="go">'>=2.7, !=3.0.*, !=3.1.*, !=3.2.*, !=3.3.*'</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PackageMetadata</span></code> also presents a <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">json</span></code> attribute that returns
all the metadata in a JSON-compatible form per <span class="target" id="index-0"></span><a class="pep reference external" href="https://peps.python.org/pep-0566/"><strong>PEP 566</strong></a>:</p>
<div class="highlight-python3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">wheel_metadata</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">json</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'requires_python'</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="go">'>=2.7, !=3.0.*, !=3.1.*, !=3.2.*, !=3.3.*'</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="admonition-title">Note</p>
<p>The actual type of the object returned by <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">metadata()</span></code> is an
implementation detail and should be accessed only through the interface
described by the
<a class="reference external" href="https://importlib-metadata.readthedocs.io/en/latest/api.html#importlib_metadata.PackageMetadata">PackageMetadata protocol</a>.</p>
</div>
<div class="versionchanged">
<p><span class="versionmodified changed">Changed in version 3.10: </span>The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Description</span></code> is now included in the metadata when presented
through the payload. Line continuation characters have been removed.</p>
<p>The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">json</span></code> attribute was added.</p>
</div>
</section>
<section id="distribution-versions">
<span id="version"></span><h3>Distribution versions<a class="headerlink" href="#distribution-versions" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
<p>The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">version()</span></code> function is the quickest way to get a
<a class="reference external" href="https://packaging.python.org/en/latest/glossary/#term-Distribution-Package">Distribution Package</a>’s version
number, as a string:</p>
<div class="highlight-python3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">version</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'wheel'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="go">'0.32.3'</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="distribution-files">
<span id="files"></span><h3>Distribution files<a class="headerlink" href="#distribution-files" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
<p>You can also get the full set of files contained within a distribution. The
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">files()</span></code> function takes a <a class="reference external" href="https://packaging.python.org/en/latest/glossary/#term-Distribution-Package">Distribution Package</a> name
and returns all of the
files installed by this distribution. Each file object returned is a
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PackagePath</span></code>, a <a class="reference internal" href="pathlib.html#pathlib.PurePath" title="pathlib.PurePath"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pathlib.PurePath</span></code></a> derived object with additional <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">dist</span></code>,
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">size</span></code>, and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">hash</span></code> properties as indicated by the metadata. For example:</p>
<div class="highlight-python3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">util</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">p</span> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">p</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">files</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'wheel'</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="s1">'util.py'</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">p</span><span class="p">)][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">util</span>
<span class="go">PackagePath('wheel/util.py')</span>
<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">util</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">size</span>
<span class="go">859</span>
<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">util</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">dist</span>
<span class="go"><importlib.metadata._hooks.PathDistribution object at 0x101e0cef0></span>
<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">util</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">hash</span>
<span class="go"><FileHash mode: sha256 value: bYkw5oMccfazVCoYQwKkkemoVyMAFoR34mmKBx8R1NI></span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Once you have the file, you can also read its contents:</p>
<div class="highlight-python3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">util</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">read_text</span><span class="p">())</span>
<span class="go">import base64</span>
<span class="go">import sys</span>
<span class="go">...</span>
<span class="go">def as_bytes(s):</span>
<span class="go"> if isinstance(s, text_type):</span>
<span class="go"> return s.encode('utf-8')</span>
<span class="go"> return s</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>You can also use the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">locate</span></code> method to get a the absolute path to the
file:</p>
<div class="highlight-python3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">util</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">locate</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="go">PosixPath('/home/gustav/example/lib/site-packages/wheel/util.py')</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>In the case where the metadata file listing files
(RECORD or SOURCES.txt) is missing, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">files()</span></code> will
return <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code>. The caller may wish to wrap calls to
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">files()</span></code> in <a class="reference external" href="https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.always_iterable">always_iterable</a>
or otherwise guard against this condition if the target
distribution is not known to have the metadata present.</p>
</section>
<section id="distribution-requirements">
<span id="requirements"></span><h3>Distribution requirements<a class="headerlink" href="#distribution-requirements" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
<p>To get the full set of requirements for a <a class="reference external" href="https://packaging.python.org/en/latest/glossary/#term-Distribution-Package">Distribution Package</a>,
use the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">requires()</span></code>
function:</p>
<div class="highlight-python3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">requires</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'wheel'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="go">["pytest (>=3.0.0) ; extra == 'test'", "pytest-cov ; extra == 'test'"]</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="mapping-import-to-distribution-packages">
<span id="import-distribution-package-mapping"></span><span id="package-distributions"></span><h3>Mapping import to distribution packages<a class="headerlink" href="#mapping-import-to-distribution-packages" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
<p>A convenience method to resolve the <a class="reference external" href="https://packaging.python.org/en/latest/glossary/#term-Distribution-Package">Distribution Package</a>
name (or names, in the case of a namespace package)
that provide each importable top-level
Python module or <a class="reference external" href="https://packaging.python.org/en/latest/glossary/#term-Import-Package">Import Package</a>:</p>
<div class="highlight-python3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">packages_distributions</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="go">{'importlib_metadata': ['importlib-metadata'], 'yaml': ['PyYAML'], 'jaraco': ['jaraco.classes', 'jaraco.functools'], ...}</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Some editable installs, <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/pypa/packaging-problems/issues/609">do not supply top-level names</a>, and thus this
function is not reliable with such installs.</p>
<div class="versionadded">
<p><span class="versionmodified added">Added in version 3.10.</span></p>
</div>
</section>
</section>
<section id="distributions">
<span id="id9"></span><h2>Distributions<a class="headerlink" href="#distributions" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2>
<p>While the above API is the most common and convenient usage, you can get all
of that information from the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Distribution</span></code> class. A <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Distribution</span></code> is an
abstract object that represents the metadata for
a Python <a class="reference external" href="https://packaging.python.org/en/latest/glossary/#term-Distribution-Package">Distribution Package</a>. You can
get the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Distribution</span></code> instance:</p>
<div class="highlight-python3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">importlib.metadata</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">distribution</span>
<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">dist</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">distribution</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'wheel'</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Thus, an alternative way to get the version number is through the
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Distribution</span></code> instance:</p>
<div class="highlight-python3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">dist</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">version</span>
<span class="go">'0.32.3'</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>There are all kinds of additional metadata available on the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Distribution</span></code>
instance:</p>
<div class="highlight-python3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">dist</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">metadata</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'Requires-Python'</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="go">'>=2.7, !=3.0.*, !=3.1.*, !=3.2.*, !=3.3.*'</span>
<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">dist</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">metadata</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'License'</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="go">'MIT'</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>The full set of available metadata is not described here.
See the <a class="reference external" href="https://packaging.python.org/en/latest/specifications/core-metadata/#core-metadata">Core metadata specifications</a> for additional details.</p>
</section>
<section id="distribution-discovery">
<h2>Distribution Discovery<a class="headerlink" href="#distribution-discovery" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2>
<p>By default, this package provides built-in support for discovery of metadata
for file system and zip file <a class="reference external" href="https://packaging.python.org/en/latest/glossary/#term-Distribution-Package">Distribution Package</a>s.
This metadata finder search defaults to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.path</span></code>, but varies slightly in how it interprets those values from how other import machinery does. In particular:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">importlib.metadata</span></code> does not honor <a class="reference internal" href="stdtypes.html#bytes" title="bytes"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">bytes</span></code></a> objects on <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.path</span></code>.</p></li>
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">importlib.metadata</span></code> will incidentally honor <a class="reference internal" href="pathlib.html#pathlib.Path" title="pathlib.Path"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pathlib.Path</span></code></a> objects on <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.path</span></code> even though such values will be ignored for imports.</p></li>
</ul>
</section>
<section id="extending-the-search-algorithm">
<h2>Extending the search algorithm<a class="headerlink" href="#extending-the-search-algorithm" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2>
<p>Because <a class="reference external" href="https://packaging.python.org/en/latest/glossary/#term-Distribution-Package">Distribution Package</a> metadata
is not available through <a class="reference internal" href="sys.html#sys.path" title="sys.path"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.path</span></code></a> searches, or
package loaders directly,
the metadata for a distribution is found through import
system <a class="reference internal" href="../reference/import.html#finders-and-loaders"><span class="std std-ref">finders</span></a>. To find a distribution package’s metadata,
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">importlib.metadata</span></code> queries the list of <a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-meta-path-finder"><span class="xref std std-term">meta path finders</span></a> on
<a class="reference internal" href="sys.html#sys.meta_path" title="sys.meta_path"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.meta_path</span></code></a>.</p>
<p>By default <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">importlib.metadata</span></code> installs a finder for distribution packages
found on the file system.
This finder doesn’t actually find any <em>distributions</em>,
but it can find their metadata.</p>
<p>The abstract class <a class="reference internal" href="importlib.html#importlib.abc.MetaPathFinder" title="importlib.abc.MetaPathFinder"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">importlib.abc.MetaPathFinder</span></code></a> defines the
interface expected of finders by Python’s import system.
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">importlib.metadata</span></code> extends this protocol by looking for an optional
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">find_distributions</span></code> callable on the finders from
<a class="reference internal" href="sys.html#sys.meta_path" title="sys.meta_path"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.meta_path</span></code></a> and presents this extended interface as the
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">DistributionFinder</span></code> abstract base class, which defines this abstract
method:</p>
<div class="highlight-python3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nd">@abc</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">abstractmethod</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">find_distributions</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">context</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">DistributionFinder</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Context</span><span class="p">()):</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">"""Return an iterable of all Distribution instances capable of</span>
<span class="sd"> loading the metadata for packages for the indicated ``context``.</span>
<span class="sd"> """</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">DistributionFinder.Context</span></code> object provides <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">.path</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">.name</span></code>
properties indicating the path to search and name to match and may
supply other relevant context.</p>
<p>What this means in practice is that to support finding distribution package
metadata in locations other than the file system, subclass
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Distribution</span></code> and implement the abstract methods. Then from
a custom finder, return instances of this derived <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Distribution</span></code> in the
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">find_distributions()</span></code> method.</p>
</section>
</section>
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<h3><a href="../contents.html">Table of Contents</a></h3>
<ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">importlib.metadata</span></code> – Accessing package metadata</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#overview">Overview</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#functional-api">Functional API</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#entry-points">Entry points</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#distribution-metadata">Distribution metadata</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#distribution-versions">Distribution versions</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#distribution-files">Distribution files</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#distribution-requirements">Distribution requirements</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#mapping-import-to-distribution-packages">Mapping import to distribution packages</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#distributions">Distributions</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#distribution-discovery">Distribution Discovery</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#extending-the-search-algorithm">Extending the search algorithm</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
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<li class="nav-item nav-item-this"><a href=""><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">importlib.metadata</span></code> – Accessing package metadata</a></li>
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